Visa Inc. — Earnings Quality Grade D
V · Financial Services
Significant concerns
Screening Summary
Financial Trends
Revenue & Net Income ($B)
Margins (%)
18-Point Screening
Revenue Quality
DSO 29 days, change +3 days YoY
AR outpaced revenue for 2 consecutive years
Revenue 11.3%, CFFO 15.6%. Cash follows revenue
Expense Quality
No material inventory
CapEx growth 17.9% vs revenue 11.3%. Normal
SG&A/Gross Profit = 13.6%, excellent (<30%)
Gross margin 80.4%, change -0.0pp. Stable
Cash Flow Quality
CFFO/NI = 1.15. Profits backed by cash
FCF $21.6B, FCF/NI = 1.08
Accruals ratio = -3.0%. Low accruals
Cash $19.0B covers 75% of debt $25.2B
Balance Sheet Health
Goodwill+Intangibles $47.5B = 125% of equity. Over 50%
Debt/EBITDA = 1.0x. Healthy
Other assets 9.9% vs revenue 11.3%. Normal
No write-off data
Acquisition Risk
FCF after acquisitions positive
Goodwill+Intangibles change 4% YoY. Normal
Manipulation Score
M-Score = -2.49 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator
Beneish M-Score
Altman Z-Score — Not Applicable
Visa Inc. is a financial company. Z-Score is designed for non-financial companies.
Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-08