F

International Paper Company — Earnings Quality Grade F

IP · Consumer Cyclical

Major red flags

Revenue
$23.6B
2025
Net Income
-$3.5B
2025
Gross Margin
29.6%
Free Cash Flow
-$159M
01

Screening Summary

9
Passed
5
Watch
3
Failed
-2.7
M-Score
02

Financial Trends

Revenue & Net Income ($B)

Margins (%)

03

18-Point Screening

01

Revenue Quality

A1DSO Change

DSO 59 days, change +3 days YoY

A2AR vs Revenue Growth

AR growth 57.8% vs revenue growth 49.3%

!
A3Revenue vs CFFO

Revenue grew 49.3% but CFFO only 1.2%

02

Expense Quality

B1Inventory vs COGS

Inventory 35.4% vs COGS 46.0%. Normal

!
B2CapEx vs Revenue

CapEx growth 101.6% is >2x revenue growth 49.3%

B3SG&A Ratio

SG&A/Gross Profit = 57.9%. Normal

B4Gross Margin

Gross margin 29.6%, change +1.6pp. Stable

03

Cash Flow Quality

!
C1CFFO vs Net Income

CFFO/NI = -0.48. Below 1.0

!
C2Free Cash Flow

FCF is negative ($-0.2B)

C3Accruals Ratio

Accruals ratio = -13.7%. Low accruals

C4Cash vs Debt

Cash $1.1B covers only 11% of debt $10.3B

04

Balance Sheet Health

D1Goodwill + Intangibles

Goodwill+Intangibles $9.4B = 63% of equity. Over 50%

D2Leverage

Debt/EBITDA = 158.7x (>4x). Interest coverage = -0.0x (<2x). Financial stress

D3Soft Asset Growth

Other assets -79.6% vs revenue 49.3%. Normal

D4Asset Impairment

No write-off data

05

Acquisition Risk

E1Serial Acquirer FCF

FCF after acquisitions positive

!
E2Goodwill Surge

Goodwill+Intangibles surged 201% YoY

06

Manipulation Score

F1Beneish M-Score

M-Score = -2.70 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator

04

Beneish M-Score

Manipulation Probability-2.7
-4.0 Clean-2.22 Grey-1.78 Danger0
1.057
DSRI
AR growing faster than revenue?
0.947
GMI
Gross margin declining?
0.948
AQI
Asset quality deteriorating?
1.493
SGI
Revenue growth rate
0.848
DEPI
Depreciation slowing?
0.941
SGAI
SG&A ratio changing?
-0.1373
TATA
Accruals level
1.045
LVGI
Leverage increasing?
05

Altman Z-Score

0.98
Distress Zone
0 Distress1.102.605.0+ Safe
0.0581
Liquidity
0.1287
Cumulative profit
-0.0742
Operating efficiency
0.6408
Leverage

Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-10

International Paper Company (IP) 财报排雷评级 F — EarningsGrade