F

Deluxe Corporation — Earnings Quality Grade F

DLX · Industrials

Major red flags

Revenue
$2.1B
2025
Net Income
$82M
2025
Gross Margin
53.0%
Free Cash Flow
$175M
01

Screening Summary

14
Passed
1
Watch
2
Failed
-2.73
M-Score

管理层信号

最近 SEC 8-K 文件中未发现 CEO、CFO、董事会或审计负责人变动信号。
02

Financial Trends

Revenue & Net Income ($B)

Margins (%)

03

18-Point Screening

01

Revenue Quality

A1DSO Change

DSO 24 days, change +1 days YoY

A2AR vs Revenue Growth

AR growth 5.1% vs revenue growth 0.5%

A3Revenue vs CFFO

Revenue 0.5%, CFFO 39.3%. Cash follows revenue

02

Expense Quality

B1Inventory vs COGS

Inventory -8.0% vs COGS 0.7%. Normal

B2CapEx vs Revenue

CapEx growth 1.1% vs revenue 0.5%. Normal

!
B3SG&A Ratio

SG&A/Gross Profit = 77.2%, exceeds 70%

B4Gross Margin

Gross margin 53.0%, change -0.1pp. Stable

03

Cash Flow Quality

C1CFFO vs Net Income

CFFO/NI = 3.30. Profits backed by cash

C2Free Cash Flow

FCF $0.2B, FCF/NI = 2.14

C3Accruals Ratio

Accruals ratio = -6.6%. Low accruals

C4Cash vs Debt

Cash $0.0B covers only 2% of debt $1.5B

04

Balance Sheet Health

D1Goodwill + Intangibles

Goodwill+Intangibles $1.8B = 260% of equity. Over 50%

D2Leverage

Debt/EBITDA = 3.9x. Healthy

D3Soft Asset Growth

Other assets 3.4% vs revenue 0.5%. Normal

D4Asset Impairment

No write-off data

05

Acquisition Risk

E1Serial Acquirer FCF

FCF after acquisitions positive

E2Goodwill Surge

Goodwill+Intangibles change 1% YoY. Normal

06

Manipulation Score

F1Beneish M-Score

M-Score = -2.73 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator

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04

Beneish M-Score

Manipulation Probability-2.73
-4.0 Clean-2.22 Grey-1.78 Danger0
1.045
DSRI
AR growing faster than revenue?
1.002
GMI
Gross margin declining?
0.986
AQI
Asset quality deteriorating?
1.005
SGI
Revenue growth rate
1.036
DEPI
Depreciation slowing?
0.955
SGAI
SG&A ratio changing?
-0.0658
TATA
Accruals level
0.972
LVGI
Leverage increasing?
05

Altman Z-Score

1.53
Grey Zone
0 Distress1.102.605.0+ Safe
0.0079
Liquidity
0.1802
Cumulative profit
0.0842
Operating efficiency
0.3117
Leverage

Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-25