C

Salesforce, Inc. — Earnings Quality Grade C

CRM · Technology

Some red flags

Revenue
$41.5B
2026
Net Income
$7.5B
2026
Gross Margin
77.7%
Free Cash Flow
$14.4B
01

Screening Summary

14
Passed
3
Watch
1
Failed
-2.66
M-Score
02

Financial Trends

Revenue & Net Income ($B)

Margins (%)

03

18-Point Screening

01

Revenue Quality

!
A1DSO Change

DSO increased by 11 days

!
A2AR vs Revenue Growth

AR growth 20.0% exceeds revenue growth 9.6%

A3Revenue vs CFFO

Revenue 9.6%, CFFO 14.5%. Cash follows revenue

02

Expense Quality

B1Inventory vs COGS

No material inventory

B2CapEx vs Revenue

CapEx growth -9.7% vs revenue 9.6%. Normal

B3SG&A Ratio

SG&A/Gross Profit = 50.7%. Normal

B4Gross Margin

Gross margin 77.7%, change +0.5pp. Stable

03

Cash Flow Quality

C1CFFO vs Net Income

CFFO/NI = 2.01. Profits backed by cash

C2Free Cash Flow

FCF $14.4B, FCF/NI = 1.93

C3Accruals Ratio

Accruals ratio = -6.7%. Low accruals

!
C4Cash vs Debt

Cash $9.6B covers 56% of debt $17.2B

04

Balance Sheet Health

D1Goodwill + Intangibles

Goodwill+Intangibles $64.8B = 109% of equity. Over 50%

D2Leverage

Debt/EBITDA = 1.4x. Healthy

D3Soft Asset Growth

Other assets -23.9% vs revenue 9.6%. Normal

D4Asset Impairment

Write-offs normal

05

Acquisition Risk

E1Serial Acquirer FCF

FCF after acquisitions positive

E2Goodwill Surge

Goodwill+Intangibles change 16% YoY. Normal

06

Manipulation Score

F1Beneish M-Score

M-Score = -2.66 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator

04

Beneish M-Score

Manipulation Probability-2.66
-4.0 Clean-2.22 Grey-1.78 Danger0
1.095
DSRI
AR growing faster than revenue?
0.994
GMI
Gross margin declining?
1.067
AQI
Asset quality deteriorating?
1.096
SGI
Revenue growth rate
0.945
DEPI
Depreciation slowing?
0.982
SGAI
SG&A ratio changing?
-0.0671
TATA
Accruals level
1.197
LVGI
Leverage increasing?
05

Altman Z-Score

1.83
Grey Zone
0 Distress1.102.605.0+ Safe
-0.0792
Liquidity
0.1979
Cumulative profit
0.0794
Operating efficiency
1.1125
Leverage

Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-08

Salesforce, Inc. (CRM) 财报排雷评级 C — EarningsGrade