F

Willis Lease Finance Corporatio — Earnings Quality Grade F

WLFC · Industrials

Major red flags

Revenue
$730M
2025
Net Income
$114M
2025
Gross Margin
68.3%
Free Cash Flow
-$272M
01

Screening Summary

10
Passed
4
Watch
3
Failed
-2.54
M-Score

Management Signals

No recent CEO, CFO, board, or accounting leadership signals found in SEC 8-K filings.
02

Financial Trends

Revenue & Net Income ($B)

Margins (%)

03

18-Point Screening

01

Revenue Quality

A1DSO Change

DSO 18 days, change -7 days YoY

A2AR vs Revenue Growth

AR growth -6.7% vs revenue growth 28.3%

A3Revenue vs CFFO

Revenue grew 28.3% but CFFO declined -0.4%

Small-cap context: Small-cap revenue/CFFO ratio is sensitive to growth-stage working-capital draws.

02

Expense Quality

B1Inventory vs COGS

Inventory -21.6% vs COGS 65.8%. Normal

B2CapEx vs Revenue

CapEx growth -34.3% vs revenue 28.3%. Normal

B3SG&A Ratio

SG&A/Gross Profit = 39.1%. Normal

!
B4Gross Margin

Gross margin swung -7.2pp (75.4% → 68.3%)

03

Cash Flow Quality

C1CFFO vs Net Income

CFFO/NI = 2.49. Profits backed by cash

C2Free Cash Flow

FCF < 50% of Net Income for 2 years

C3Accruals Ratio

Accruals ratio = -4.3%. Low accruals

C4Cash vs Debt

Cash $0.0B covers only 1% of debt $2.7B

04

Balance Sheet Health

D1Goodwill + Intangibles

Goodwill+Intangibles $0.0B = 5% of equity. Manageable

!
D2Leverage

Debt/EBITDA = 6.7x (>4x). Financial stress

!
D3Soft Asset Growth

Other assets grew 95.1% vs revenue 28.3%

D4Asset Impairment

No write-off data

05

Acquisition Risk

!
E1Serial Acquirer FCF

FCF after acquisitions negative for 2/3 years

E2Goodwill Surge

Goodwill+Intangibles change -9% YoY. Normal

06

Manipulation Score

F1Beneish M-Score

M-Score = -2.54 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator

Portfolio monitoring

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04

Beneish M-Score

Manipulation Probability-2.54
-4.0 Clean-2.22 Grey-1.78 Danger0
0.727
DSRI
AR growing faster than revenue?
1.105
GMI
Gross margin declining?
1.254
AQI
Asset quality deteriorating?
1.283
SGI
Revenue growth rate
0.906
DEPI
Depreciation slowing?
1.034
SGAI
SG&A ratio changing?
-0.0431
TATA
Accruals level
1.001
LVGI
Leverage increasing?
05

Altman Z-Score

2.3
Grey Zone
0 Distress1.102.605.0+ Safe
0.1673
Liquidity
0.1501
Cumulative profit
0.0744
Operating efficiency
0.2022
Leverage

Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-25