A

Trupanion, Inc. — Earnings Quality Grade A

TRUP · Financial Services

Strong financial health

Revenue
$1.4B
2025
Net Income
$19M
2025
Gross Margin
16.1%
Free Cash Flow
$75M
01

Screening Summary

16
Passed
1
Watch
0
Failed
-2.81
M-Score

Management Signals

View all →
Routine2025-10-30
Bradley S. Powell · directorAppointment
Standard appointment
SEC
Routine2025-10-30
Bradley S. Powell · independent directorAppointment
Standard appointment
SEC
Routine2025-10-30
Bradley Powell · DirectorAppointment
Standard appointment
SEC
Routine2025-10-30
Margi Tooth · DirectorAppointment
Standard appointment
SEC
Routine2025-10-30
Laura Bainbridge · Senior Vice PresidentAppointment
Standard appointment
SEC

Source: SEC EDGAR 8-K Item 5.02, with exhibit links when available

02

Financial Trends

Revenue & Net Income ($B)

Margins (%)

03

18-Point Screening

01

Revenue Quality

A1DSO Change

DSO 77 days, change -1 days YoY

A2AR vs Revenue Growth

AR growth 10.2% vs revenue growth 11.9%

A3Revenue vs CFFO

Revenue 11.9%, CFFO 85.3%. Cash follows revenue

02

Expense Quality

B1Inventory vs COGS

No material inventory

!
B2CapEx vs Revenue

CapEx growth 45.4% is >2x revenue growth 11.9%

B3SG&A Ratio

SG&A/Gross Profit = 33.2%. Normal

B4Gross Margin

Gross margin 16.1%, change +2.1pp. Stable

03

Cash Flow Quality

C1CFFO vs Net Income

CFFO/NI = 4.60. Profits backed by cash

C2Free Cash Flow

FCF $0.1B, FCF/NI = 3.88

C3Accruals Ratio

Accruals ratio = -7.7%. Low accruals

C4Cash vs Debt

Cash $0.4B covers debt $0.1B

04

Balance Sheet Health

D1Goodwill + Intangibles

Goodwill+Intangibles $0.1B = 17% of equity. Manageable

D2Leverage

Debt/EBITDA = 2.2x. Healthy

D3Soft Asset Growth

Other assets -3.8% vs revenue 11.9%. Normal

D4Asset Impairment

No write-off data

05

Acquisition Risk

E1Serial Acquirer FCF

FCF after acquisitions positive

E2Goodwill Surge

Goodwill+Intangibles change 27% YoY. Normal

06

Manipulation Score

F1Beneish M-Score

M-Score = -2.81 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator

04

Beneish M-Score

Manipulation Probability-2.81
-4.0 Clean-2.22 Grey-1.78 Danger0
0.984
DSRI
AR growing faster than revenue?
0.866
GMI
Gross margin declining?
0.979
AQI
Asset quality deteriorating?
1.119
SGI
Revenue growth rate
1.058
DEPI
Depreciation slowing?
1.074
SGAI
SG&A ratio changing?
-0.0766
TATA
Accruals level
0.945
LVGI
Leverage increasing?

Altman Z-Score — Not Applicable

Trupanion, Inc. is a financial company. Z-Score is designed for non-financial companies.

Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-25