F

Public Policy Holding Company, — Earnings Quality Grade F

PPHC · Industrials

Major red flags

Revenue
$187M
2025
Net Income
-$39M
2025
Gross Margin
10.0%
Free Cash Flow
$25M
01

Screening Summary

12
Passed
2
Watch
3
Failed
-3.79
M-Score

Management Signals

No recent CEO, CFO, board, or accounting leadership signals found in SEC 8-K filings.
02

Financial Trends

Revenue & Net Income ($B)

Margins (%)

03

18-Point Screening

01

Revenue Quality

A1DSO Change

DSO 42 days, change -2 days YoY

A2AR vs Revenue Growth

AR growth 18.2% vs revenue growth 24.7%

A3Revenue vs CFFO

Revenue 24.7%, CFFO 51.0%. Cash follows revenue

02

Expense Quality

B1Inventory vs COGS

No material inventory

B2CapEx vs Revenue

CapEx growth -80.4% vs revenue 24.7%. Normal

!
B3SG&A Ratio

SG&A/Gross Profit = 170.5%, exceeds 70%

B4Gross Margin

Gross margin 10.0%, change -1.6pp. Stable

03

Cash Flow Quality

C1CFFO vs Net Income

CFFO < Net Income for 3 consecutive years

Small-cap context: Small-cap CFFO/NI often diverges from working-capital swings, not necessarily manipulation.

C2Free Cash Flow

FCF $0.0B, FCF/NI = -0.63

C3Accruals Ratio

Accruals ratio = -31.5%. Low accruals

C4Cash vs Debt

Cash $0.0B covers only 30% of debt $0.1B

04

Balance Sheet Health

D1Goodwill + Intangibles

Goodwill+Intangibles $0.1B = 126% of equity. Over 50%

!
D2Leverage

Interest coverage = -5.5x (<2x). Financial stress

D3Soft Asset Growth

Other assets 46.0% vs revenue 24.7%. Normal

D4Asset Impairment

No write-off data

05

Acquisition Risk

E1Serial Acquirer FCF

FCF after acquisitions positive

E2Goodwill Surge

Goodwill+Intangibles change -2% YoY. Normal

06

Manipulation Score

F1Beneish M-Score

M-Score = -3.79 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator

Portfolio monitoring

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04

Beneish M-Score

Manipulation Probability-3.79
-4.0 Clean-2.22 Grey-1.78 Danger0
0.947
DSRI
AR growing faster than revenue?
1.155
GMI
Gross margin declining?
0.979
AQI
Asset quality deteriorating?
1.247
SGI
Revenue growth rate
0.842
DEPI
Depreciation slowing?
0.95
SGAI
SG&A ratio changing?
-0.3148
TATA
Accruals level
1.224
LVGI
Leverage increasing?
05

Altman Z-Score

-2.86
Distress Zone
0 Distress1.102.605.0+ Safe
0.0281
Liquidity
-0.8066
Cumulative profit
-0.154
Operating efficiency
0.5868
Leverage

Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-25