F

NorthWestern Energy Group, Inc. — Earnings Quality Grade F

NWE · Utilities

Major red flags

Revenue
$1.6B
2025
Net Income
$181M
2025
Gross Margin
56.9%
Free Cash Flow
-$130M
01

Screening Summary

11
Passed
3
Watch
3
Failed
-2.47
M-Score

Management Signals

No recent CEO, CFO, board, or accounting leadership signals found in SEC 8-K filings.
02

Financial Trends

Revenue & Net Income ($B)

Margins (%)

03

18-Point Screening

01

Revenue Quality

A1DSO Change

DSO 26 days, change +3 days YoY

!
A2AR vs Revenue Growth

AR growth 19.8% exceeds revenue growth 6.4%

A3Revenue vs CFFO

Revenue 6.4%, CFFO -3.0%. Cash follows revenue

02

Expense Quality

B1Inventory vs COGS

Inventory 7.8% vs COGS 5.0%. Normal

B2CapEx vs Revenue

CapEx growth -4.5% vs revenue 6.4%. Normal

B3SG&A Ratio

SG&A/Gross Profit = 17.3%, excellent (<30%)

B4Gross Margin

Gross margin 56.9%, change +0.6pp. Stable

03

Cash Flow Quality

C1CFFO vs Net Income

CFFO/NI = 2.18. Profits backed by cash

C2Free Cash Flow

FCF < 50% of Net Income for 3 years

C3Accruals Ratio

Accruals ratio = -2.5%. Low accruals

C4Cash vs Debt

Cash $0.0B covers only 0% of debt $3.4B

04

Balance Sheet Health

D1Goodwill + Intangibles

Goodwill+Intangibles $0.4B = 13% of equity. Manageable

!
D2Leverage

Debt/EBITDA = 5.9x (>4x). Financial stress

!
D3Soft Asset Growth

Other assets grew 29.7% vs revenue 6.4%

D4Asset Impairment

No write-off data

05

Acquisition Risk

E1Serial Acquirer FCF

FCF after acquisitions negative for 3 years

E2Goodwill Surge

Goodwill+Intangibles change 3% YoY. Normal

06

Manipulation Score

F1Beneish M-Score

M-Score = -2.47 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator

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04

Beneish M-Score

Manipulation Probability-2.47
-4.0 Clean-2.22 Grey-1.78 Danger0
1.126
DSRI
AR growing faster than revenue?
0.99
GMI
Gross margin declining?
0.974
AQI
Asset quality deteriorating?
1.064
SGI
Revenue growth rate
1
DEPI
Depreciation slowing?
1.082
SGAI
SG&A ratio changing?
-0.0252
TATA
Accruals level
1.048
LVGI
Leverage increasing?
05

Altman Z-Score

1.01
Distress Zone
0 Distress1.102.605.0+ Safe
-0.0229
Liquidity
0.106
Cumulative profit
0.0399
Operating efficiency
0.5177
Leverage

Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-25