F

Northrop Grumman Corporation — Earnings Quality Grade F

NOC · Industrials

Major red flags

Revenue
$42.0B
2025
Net Income
$4.2B
2025
Gross Margin
19.8%
Free Cash Flow
$3.3B
01

Screening Summary

15
Passed
0
Watch
2
Failed
-2.44
M-Score
02

Financial Trends

Revenue & Net Income ($B)

Margins (%)

03

18-Point Screening

01

Revenue Quality

A1DSO Change

DSO 12 days, change +1 days YoY

A2AR vs Revenue Growth

AR growth 8.1% vs revenue growth 2.2%

A3Revenue vs CFFO

Revenue 2.2%, CFFO 8.4%. Cash follows revenue

02

Expense Quality

B1Inventory vs COGS

Inventory -10.0% vs COGS 3.0%. Normal

B2CapEx vs Revenue

CapEx growth -17.9% vs revenue 2.2%. Normal

B3SG&A Ratio

SG&A/Gross Profit = 48.5%. Normal

B4Gross Margin

Gross margin 19.8%, change -0.6pp. Stable

03

Cash Flow Quality

C1CFFO vs Net Income

CFFO/NI = 1.14. Profits backed by cash

C2Free Cash Flow

FCF $3.3B, FCF/NI = 0.79

C3Accruals Ratio

Accruals ratio = -1.1%. Low accruals

C4Cash vs Debt

Cash $4.4B covers only 26% of debt $17.0B

04

Balance Sheet Health

D1Goodwill + Intangibles

Goodwill+Intangibles $17.4B = 105% of equity. Over 50%

D2Leverage

Debt/EBITDA = 2.4x. Healthy

D3Soft Asset Growth

Other assets 8.1% vs revenue 2.2%. Normal

D4Asset Impairment

No write-off data

05

Acquisition Risk

E1Serial Acquirer FCF

FCF after acquisitions positive

E2Goodwill Surge

Goodwill+Intangibles change -2% YoY. Normal

06

Manipulation Score

F1Beneish M-Score

M-Score = -2.44 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator

04

Beneish M-Score

Manipulation Probability-2.44
-4.0 Clean-2.22 Grey-1.78 Danger0
1.057
DSRI
AR growing faster than revenue?
1.028
GMI
Gross margin declining?
0.981
AQI
Asset quality deteriorating?
1.022
SGI
Revenue growth rate
0.973
DEPI
Depreciation slowing?
0.988
SGAI
SG&A ratio changing?
-0.0112
TATA
Accruals level
0.968
LVGI
Leverage increasing?
05

Altman Z-Score

2.49
Grey Zone
0 Distress1.102.605.0+ Safe
0.0273
Liquidity
0.3242
Cumulative profit
0.1116
Operating efficiency
0.4805
Leverage

Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-09

Northrop Grumman Corporation (NOC) Earnings Quality Grade F — EarningsGrade