F

Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorpor — Earnings Quality Grade F

LGND · Healthcare

Major red flags

Revenue
$268M
2025
Net Income
$124M
2025
Gross Margin
94.6%
Free Cash Flow
$38M
01

Screening Summary

13
Passed
2
Watch
3
Failed
-4.08
M-Score

Management Signals

No recent CEO, CFO, board, or accounting leadership signals found in SEC 8-K filings.
02

Financial Trends

Revenue & Net Income ($B)

Margins (%)

03

18-Point Screening

01

Revenue Quality

A1DSO Change

DSO 81 days, change -3 days YoY

A2AR vs Revenue Growth

AR growth 55.3% vs revenue growth 60.4%

A3Revenue vs CFFO

Revenue grew 60.4% but CFFO declined -49.1%

02

Expense Quality

B1Inventory vs COGS

Inventory -35.3% vs COGS 31.4%. Normal

B2CapEx vs Revenue

CapEx growth -42.4% vs revenue 60.4%. Normal

B3SG&A Ratio

SG&A/Gross Profit = 36.5%. Normal

B4Gross Margin

Gross margin 94.6%, change +1.2pp. Stable

03

Cash Flow Quality

C1CFFO vs Net Income

CFFO < Net Income for 3 consecutive years

C2Free Cash Flow

FCF < 50% of Net Income for 2 years

C3Accruals Ratio

Accruals ratio = 4.8%. Low accruals

C4Cash vs Debt

Cash $0.8B covers debt $0.5B

04

Balance Sheet Health

!
D1Goodwill + Intangibles

Goodwill+Intangibles $0.3B = 32% of equity

D2Leverage

Debt/EBITDA = 2.3x. Healthy

D3Soft Asset Growth

Other assets -74.2% vs revenue 60.4%. Normal

D4Asset Impairment

Write-offs normal

05

Acquisition Risk

!
E1Serial Acquirer FCF

FCF after acquisitions negative for 2/3 years

E2Goodwill Surge

Goodwill+Intangibles change -12% YoY. Normal

06

Manipulation Score

F1Beneish M-Score

M-Score = -4.08 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator

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04

Beneish M-Score

Manipulation Probability-4.08
-4.0 Clean-2.22 Grey-1.78 Danger0
0.968
DSRI
AR growing faster than revenue?
0.987
GMI
Gross margin declining?
0.74
AQI
Asset quality deteriorating?
1.604
SGI
Revenue growth rate
0.774
DEPI
Depreciation slowing?
0.733
SGAI
SG&A ratio changing?
0.0481
TATA
Accruals level
7.864
LVGI
Leverage increasing?
05

Altman Z-Score

7.28
Safe Zone
0 Distress1.102.605.0+ Safe
0.5093
Liquidity
0.3896
Cumulative profit
0.1049
Operating efficiency
1.8719
Leverage

Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-25