F

Hovnanian Enterprises, Inc. — Earnings Quality Grade F

HOV · Consumer Cyclical

Major red flags

Revenue
$3.0B
2025
Net Income
$64M
2025
Gross Margin
14.1%
Free Cash Flow
$166M
01

Screening Summary

12
Passed
3
Watch
2
Failed
-2.64
M-Score

Management Signals

No recent CEO, CFO, board, or accounting leadership signals found in SEC 8-K filings.
02

Financial Trends

Revenue & Net Income ($B)

Margins (%)

03

18-Point Screening

01

Revenue Quality

A1DSO Change

DSO 3 days, change -0 days YoY

A2AR vs Revenue Growth

AR growth -10.0% vs revenue growth -0.9%

A3Revenue vs CFFO

Revenue -0.9%, CFFO 696.4%. Cash follows revenue

02

Expense Quality

B1Inventory vs COGS

Inventory -0.4% vs COGS 5.9%. Normal

!
B2CapEx vs Revenue

CapEx growth 23.7% is >2x revenue growth -0.9%

!
B3SG&A Ratio

SG&A/Gross Profit = 83.2%, exceeds 70%

!
B4Gross Margin

Gross margin swung -5.5pp (19.6% → 14.1%)

03

Cash Flow Quality

C1CFFO vs Net Income

CFFO/NI = 2.95. Profits backed by cash

C2Free Cash Flow

FCF $0.2B, FCF/NI = 2.60

C3Accruals Ratio

Accruals ratio = -4.7%. Low accruals

C4Cash vs Debt

Cash $0.3B covers only 29% of debt $0.9B

04

Balance Sheet Health

D1Goodwill + Intangibles

No goodwill. Clean balance sheet

D2Leverage

Debt/EBITDA = 6.9x (>4x). Interest coverage = 2.0x (<2x). Financial stress

D3Soft Asset Growth

Other assets -15.8% vs revenue -0.9%. Normal

D4Asset Impairment

No write-off data

05

Acquisition Risk

E1Serial Acquirer FCF

FCF after acquisitions positive

E2Goodwill Surge

No goodwill

06

Manipulation Score

F1Beneish M-Score

M-Score = -2.64 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator

Portfolio monitoring

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04

Beneish M-Score

Manipulation Probability-2.64
-4.0 Clean-2.22 Grey-1.78 Danger0
0.908
DSRI
AR growing faster than revenue?
1.391
GMI
Gross margin declining?
0.936
AQI
Asset quality deteriorating?
0.991
SGI
Revenue growth rate
0.702
DEPI
Depreciation slowing?
1.031
SGAI
SG&A ratio changing?
-0.0472
TATA
Accruals level
0.953
LVGI
Leverage increasing?
05

Altman Z-Score

4.57
Safe Zone
0 Distress1.102.605.0+ Safe
0.5513
Liquidity
0.0483
Cumulative profit
0.0461
Operating efficiency
0.4609
Leverage

Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-25