F

Custom Truck One Source, Inc. — Earnings Quality Grade F

CTOS · Industrials

Major red flags

Revenue
$1.9B
2025
Net Income
-$31M
2025
Gross Margin
21.2%
Free Cash Flow
-$147M
01

Screening Summary

11
Passed
1
Watch
5
Failed
-3.01
M-Score

Management Signals

No recent CEO, CFO, board, or accounting leadership signals found in SEC 8-K filings.
02

Financial Trends

Revenue & Net Income ($B)

Margins (%)

03

18-Point Screening

01

Revenue Quality

A1DSO Change

DSO 37 days, change -7 days YoY

A2AR vs Revenue Growth

AR growth -9.4% vs revenue growth 7.9%

A3Revenue vs CFFO

Revenue 7.9%, CFFO 154.2%. Cash follows revenue

02

Expense Quality

B1Inventory vs COGS

Inventory -11.3% vs COGS 8.5%. Normal

B2CapEx vs Revenue

CapEx growth 14.7% vs revenue 7.9%. Normal

B3SG&A Ratio

SG&A/Gross Profit = 55.9%. Normal

B4Gross Margin

Gross margin 21.2%, change -0.5pp. Stable

03

Cash Flow Quality

C1CFFO vs Net Income

CFFO < Net Income for 3 consecutive years

Small-cap context: Small-cap CFFO/NI often diverges from working-capital swings, not necessarily manipulation.

!
C2Free Cash Flow

FCF is negative ($-0.1B)

C3Accruals Ratio

Accruals ratio = -9.9%. Low accruals

C4Cash vs Debt

Cash $0.0B covers only 0% of debt $2.4B

04

Balance Sheet Health

D1Goodwill + Intangibles

Goodwill+Intangibles $0.9B = 115% of equity. Over 50%

D2Leverage

Debt/EBITDA = 6.1x (>4x). Interest coverage = 0.9x (<2x). Financial stress

D3Soft Asset Growth

Other assets -26.3% vs revenue 7.9%. Normal

D4Asset Impairment

No write-off data

05

Acquisition Risk

E1Serial Acquirer FCF

FCF after acquisitions negative for 3 years

Small-cap context: A single acquisition on a small balance sheet can trip serial-acquirer logic.

E2Goodwill Surge

Goodwill+Intangibles change -3% YoY. Normal

06

Manipulation Score

F1Beneish M-Score

M-Score = -3.01 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator

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04

Beneish M-Score

Manipulation Probability-3.01
-4.0 Clean-2.22 Grey-1.78 Danger0
0.84
DSRI
AR growing faster than revenue?
1.022
GMI
Gross margin declining?
0.986
AQI
Asset quality deteriorating?
1.079
SGI
Revenue growth rate
0.98
DEPI
Depreciation slowing?
0.929
SGAI
SG&A ratio changing?
-0.0991
TATA
Accruals level
1.006
LVGI
Leverage increasing?
05

Altman Z-Score

0.53
Distress Zone
0 Distress1.102.605.0+ Safe
0.0829
Liquidity
-0.1795
Cumulative profit
0.0376
Operating efficiency
0.3074
Leverage

Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-25