F

Bandwidth Inc. — Earnings Quality Grade F

BAND · Technology

Major red flags

Revenue
$754M
2025
Net Income
-$13M
2025
Gross Margin
39.1%
Free Cash Flow
$57M
01

Screening Summary

11
Passed
2
Watch
4
Failed
-3.08
M-Score

Management Signals

No recent CEO, CFO, board, or accounting leadership signals found in SEC 8-K filings.
02

Financial Trends

Revenue & Net Income ($B)

Margins (%)

03

18-Point Screening

01

Revenue Quality

A1DSO Change

DSO 17 days, change -4 days YoY

A2AR vs Revenue Growth

AR growth -17.4% vs revenue growth 0.7%

A3Revenue vs CFFO

Revenue 0.7%, CFFO 6.7%. Cash follows revenue

02

Expense Quality

B1Inventory vs COGS

No material inventory

!
B2CapEx vs Revenue

CapEx growth 29.8% is >2x revenue growth 0.7%

B3SG&A Ratio

SG&A/Gross Profit = 60.0%. Normal

B4Gross Margin

Gross margin 39.1%, change +1.7pp. Stable

03

Cash Flow Quality

C1CFFO vs Net Income

CFFO < Net Income for 3 consecutive years

Small-cap context: Small-cap CFFO/NI often diverges from working-capital swings, not necessarily manipulation.

C2Free Cash Flow

FCF $0.1B, FCF/NI = -4.38

C3Accruals Ratio

Accruals ratio = -9.7%. Low accruals

C4Cash vs Debt

Cash $0.1B covers only 23% of debt $0.5B

04

Balance Sheet Health

D1Goodwill + Intangibles

Goodwill+Intangibles $0.5B = 124% of equity. Over 50%

D2Leverage

Debt/EBITDA = 12.2x (>4x). Interest coverage = -7.1x (<2x). Financial stress

!
D3Soft Asset Growth

Other assets grew 95.0% vs revenue 0.7%

D4Asset Impairment

No write-off data

05

Acquisition Risk

E1Serial Acquirer FCF

FCF after acquisitions positive

E2Goodwill Surge

Goodwill+Intangibles change 7% YoY. Normal

06

Manipulation Score

F1Beneish M-Score

M-Score = -3.08 (< -2.22). Unlikely manipulator

Portfolio monitoring

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04

Beneish M-Score

Manipulation Probability-3.08
-4.0 Clean-2.22 Grey-1.78 Danger0
0.82
DSRI
AR growing faster than revenue?
0.956
GMI
Gross margin declining?
1.01
AQI
Asset quality deteriorating?
1.007
SGI
Revenue growth rate
0.919
DEPI
Depreciation slowing?
0.968
SGAI
SG&A ratio changing?
-0.0973
TATA
Accruals level
0.895
LVGI
Leverage increasing?
05

Altman Z-Score

0.69
Distress Zone
0 Distress1.102.605.0+ Safe
0.0617
Liquidity
-0.0801
Cumulative profit
-0.0138
Operating efficiency
0.6128
Leverage

Generated from public financial data using forensic accounting frameworks. Not investment advice. Data: Yahoo Finance · 2026-04-25